The endings aren’t that difficult. In each case, words have a form for singular and a form for plural. Updated November 03, 2019 The Russian language has six cases to show what function a noun has in a sentence: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, and prepositional. The stressed vowels are underlined: много поездов (a lot of trains) - the genitive ехать поездом (to go by train) - the instrumental. Most feminine foreign names and all foreign names ending in a vowel are not declined: The Instrumental Case of Adjectives If a noun is used in the Instrumental case, the adjective that modifies that noun must also be in the Instrumental case. To indicate an instrument to carry out the action. Here is how they change in the Instrumental case: The instrumental case is notably used in Russian, where the case is called творительный падеж (tvoritel'nyj padež) though similar usages also can be found in other Balto-Slavic languages. For example: забивать гвоздь молотком (to drive in a nail with a hammer), писать ручкой (to write with a pen), ехать автобусом (to go by bus). You Might Also Like: Steps to Speaking Russian . Similar to the instrument function, this function uses the instrumental case. A Comprehensive Russian Grammar - A great reference on Russian grammar. The Instrumental Case (Instr.) Here you can find the general explanation and the prepositions used with the Instrumental case. Maia Nikitina is a writer and Russian language translator. Learn Russian Language Grammar with Russian from Russia! - Они долго шли полями. массаж -----> массажем. Languages that use the instrumental case include Armenian, Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Dyirbal, Georgian, Latvian, Slovene, Polish, Quechua, Russian, Assamese, Turkish and Sanskrit. The instrumental case in Russian is an indirect case and answers the questions кем/чем (kyem/chem)—with whom/with what. Level: Intermediate Topic: Adjectives in the instrumental case (2) Instructions: Choose the right INSTRUMENTAL form of each ADJECTIVE (which could be masculine, feminine or neuter). The Instrumental case answers the questions кем/чем (kyem/chem)—with whom/with what—and shows which instrument is used to do or make something, or with whom/with the help of what an action is completed. Use the instrumental case when describing an action as a quantity. The instrumental case is notably used in Russian, where the case is called творительный падеж (tvoritel'nyj padež) though similar usages also can be found in other Balto-Slavic languages. Make Great Progress with This Russian Program . [FOREIGN] Occupation or major. Russian grammar - The Instrumental Case. It can also be used to talk about something that you are interested in. Replace "а", "о" with "ами". The Instrumental singular ending for adjectives that modify masculine and neuter nouns is -ым (-им). 5 tips to learn the Russian instrumental case. "ручкой".. Level: Intermediate Topic: Nouns in the instrumental case (4) Instructions: Choose the right INSTRUMENTAL form of each Russian … But when to apply it into your speech is difficult. Subscribe and receive tips and advices to help you in your studies of different areas of Russian language. Russian grammar exercises. For example: Я пишу ручкой = I write with a pen.. чем? It's just the dictionary form for nouns) (Case where the noun is the Object) (Accusative case - … 1) Instrumental Case is Used to Designate an Instrument that is Used to Carry out the Action. 3. Instrumental case of Russian nouns Russian grammar--> Russian cases--> Instrumental Case. Instrumental case. Note that the nouns are always in plural when used this way. 6 Tips for Beginners Learning Russian . The Big Silver Book of Russian Verbs - A great reference book of conjugated Russian verbs. (paTOM YEhat' afTObusam kilaMYETraf DVESti)- Then it's a bus ride for about two hundred kilometers. We are going to discuss them in the following article. To make the Instrumental Case easy to learn, I will divide this lesson into 4 parts: 1) First, you will learn how nouns change in the Instrumental Case; The instrumental case is present in some modern languages, most notably Russian and some related Slavic languages, but is relatively uncommon overall. Instrumental case is the fifth case of Russian language and consists of 5 rules. море -----> морем Participation or involvement. восхищаться- to admire 4. Level: Intermediate Topic: Adjectives in the instrumental case (2) Instructions: Choose the right INSTRUMENTAL form of each ADJECTIVE (which could be masculine, feminine or neuter). STUDY. The Instrumental Case in the Diachrony of Russian Reflexive Verbs of Emotion: From Cause to Content 1. Example: Today let’s learn how the possessive pronouns change in the Instrumental case: Russian Grammar 109 – Instrumental Case The instrumental case is called so because it is used to describe the instrument by which an action is performed. The Instrumental case in Russian. In the following lessons we will learn to form the Instrumental case with Russian nouns and pronouns. You can guess its function from its name—it’s mostly used to denote the instrument with the help of which an action is performed. The New Penguin Russian Course: A Complete Course for Beginners - Probably the best course in a book. It is used to explain how something is done. The Instrumental Case for masculine and neuter nouns is formed by simply adding the ending -ом to hard-stem nouns and -ем to soft-stem nouns and nouns affected by the 5 Letter Spelling Rule. The Dative Case in Russian: Usage and Examples, The Genitive Case in Russian: Usage and Examples, The Prepositional Case in Russian: Usage and Examples, The Accusative Case in Russian: Usage and Examples, The Nominative Case in Russian: Usage and Examples, Understanding the Types of Verbs in English Grammar, The Function of an Indirect Object in English Grammar, 100 Key Terms Used in the Study of Grammar, Nominal: Definition and Examples in Grammar, The 9 Parts of Speech: Definitions and Examples. The Russian language case system is fairly simple to learn, but there are several features. Translation for 'instrumental case' in the free English-Russian dictionary and many other Russian translations. The instrumental case is a type of grammatical case. The only difference being that in Russian we have to change the ending of the noun that comes after "with". 1. In each case, words have a form for singular and a form for plural. April 7, 2018 | Tags: Russian Instrumental case. For now, let’s learn about the instrumental case of adjectives. It typically denotes an object as being the means by which some action is carried out (e.g., I ate with a fork). 1 This study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation: “Causal Constructions in World Languages (Semantics and Typology),” grant No. Instrumental case or in Russian. Therefore, a huge amount of time is devoted to this topic in the school curriculum. Russian Instrumental case applies to the instrument with the help of which an action is performed.. Instrumental Case: Exercise 1 | Learn Russian in Russia| learning russian language| Russian in Russia M.F.A., Creative Writing, Manchester Metropolitan University, Diploma in Translation (IoLet Level 7, Russian), Chartered Institute of Linguists. This function is used with a number of verbs that contain some kind of information on owning or managing the noun. In each case, words have a form for singular and a form for plural. Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Instrumental and Prepositional: Like German and some other languages, Russian has something called cases, basically they’re changes that occur to nouns and their endings, to show what role they’re playing in a sentence. This is what the instrumental alone signifies, usually corresponding to the English prepositions with or by. As you can see, the Instrumental Case is very useful. Find more Russian words at wordhippo.com! [FOREIGN] Hobbies and … 9+ In this lesson, we start learning the Instrumental case. Nouns with this ending change are part of the instrumental case. [FOREIGN] Hobbies and … It is most commonly used to label a noun as the instrument with which the grammatical subject of a sentence performed a stated action. To make things easier, I will divide this lesson into 3 parts: 1) Plural Nouns in the Instrumental Case; 2) Plural Adjectives in the Instrumental Case; 3) Plural Possessive Pronouns in the Instrumental Case. Use the instrumental case when something is made or done by someone (agent). Instrumental is the 5th case in the Russian language – кем? Квартира с балконом (An apartment with a balcony). To make things easier, I will divide this lesson into 3 parts: 1) Plural Nouns in the Instrumental Case; 2) Plural Adjectives in the Instrumental Case; 3) Plural Possessive Pronouns in the Instrumental Case. Welcome to the final lesson about Russian cases. There are 6 cases in Russian: nominative, a In a Passive voice construction, to indicate the author of the action. 1. Russian Grammar 109 – Instrumental Case The instrumental case is called so because it is used to describe the instrument by which an action is performed. As you can see, the Instrumental Case is very useful. Another common function of the instrumental case in Russian, this role is used when describing the trajectory of someone's journey and is used with such verbs as ехать (YEhat') —"to go/ride"—, идти (itTEE)—"to go/walk"—, плыть (plyt')—"to swim/go by water"—, etc. Now, let's look at an example of how the word поезд changes depending on the case. The trajectory function is also used when describing traveling by a form of transport. The instrumental case in Russian is an indirect case and answers the questions кем/чем (kyem/chem)—with whom/with what. Thu 20th Jul 2017. The instrumental case. VOCABULARY блю́дце = saucer зонт = umbrella сгущёнка (a shortcut from «сгущённое молоко»)= condensed milk футбо́лка = T-shirt трамва́й = tram, street car набо́р откры́ток = set of postcards герб = co Once you have learnt it, you will notice a significant improvement in your Russian. Russian Instrumental case (Твори́тельный паде́ж). Instrumental case. The instrumental case is traditionally taught as the fourth case in Russian. Learn about the Russian Instrumental case with our series “Russian Tip of the Day”. The instrumental case is used to describe a noun as an instrument. In this post, we explore the instrumental case in the Russian language and show how to properly use it. In my opinion the instrumental case is one of the easier cases in the Russian language. The instrument can be a person, thing or any other object.. In English we commonly use the words "by" or "with" to do this. The New Penguin Russian Course: A Complete Course for Beginners, Russian-English Bilingual Visual Dictionary, Russian Learners' Dictionary: 10,000 Russian Words in Frequency Order. In each case, words have a form for singular and a form for plural. The instrumental case is used to … Blog. (on DOLga baLYEL GRIpam PROSHlai zeeMOI)- He had the flu for a long time last winter. All consonants, add "ами". The Russian Instrumental case (Творительный падеж) indicates the means by which something is done. The Russian Prepositions (Instrumental Case) The basic function of the instrumental is to indicate the means by which an action is carried out. In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Instrumental Case in the plural in Russian. Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions. 9+ In this lesson, we start learning the Instrumental case. Russian words for instrumental case include творительный падеж and инструментальный падеж. [FOREIGN] Occupation or major. 74. Cases can be ranked in the following hierarchy, where a language that does not have a given case will tend not to have any cases to the right of the missing case:: p.89 nominative → accusative or ergative → genitive → dative → locative or prepositional → ablative and/or instrumental → others . In English, Instrumental case can be indicated as prepositions "by", "with", "by means of".Example: Russian grammar: Instrumental case, Russian possessive pronouns. The stressed vowels are underlined: много поездов (a lot of trains) - the genitive ехать поездом (to go by train) - the instrumental. If the ending is stressed -ем becomes -ём.. дом -----> домом. The Russian language has six cases: nominative, accusative, prepositional, genitive, dative, and instrumental. The instrumental case is used to describe a noun as an instrument. In other words, when we talk about the Russian instrumental case, we’re answering two big questions: Кем/с кем (by who/with who) Чем/с чем (by what/with what) Э то нап и сано Б а йроном. The Instrumental case endings for hard stem masculine and neuter nouns is -ом (братом, молоком). Using the Instrumental Case The instrumental case gets its name from the instrumental function that it performs. Once you have learnt it, you will notice a significant improvement in your Russian. instrumental case (plural instrumental cases) A noun case used to express means or agency—and is generally indicated in English by by or with with the objective. This case indicates which instrument is used to do or make something, or with whom/with the help of what an action is completed. In English we commonly use the words "by" or "with" to do this. She holds a Diploma in Translation (IoLet Level 7) from the Chartered Institute of Linguists. Refer to Lesson 14 - Instrumental Case for more detailed information. (ya lyuBLYU risaVAT' akvaRYELnymi KRASkami)- I like to paint with watercolor paints. You would use the instrumental in a sentence like "we went there by car". In English, words “with” or “by” are used to express that. The Russian language has six cases to show what function a noun has in a sentence: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, and prepositional. Home Alphabet Verbs Cases Nouns Russian 101 Phrases Vocabulary Expressions. Here you can find the general explanation and the prepositions used with the Instrumental case. Note the diflercnce in the instrumental case endings between Russian names and foreign ones: Э то нап и сано Ч е ховым. In this video, you can review the forms of the instrumental case nouns and modifiers along with the main uses of the case. The exceptions for “ж”, “ц”, “ч”, “ш” or “щ” are to comply with the spelling rules. There aren't very many exceptions and the word endings are quite predictable. The phrase "if stressed" in this case, means if the end of the word is stressed. In the following lessons we will learn to form the Instrumental case with Russian nouns and pronouns. словарь -----> словарём. The instrumental case is called so because it is used to describe the instrument by which and action is performed. After certain prepositions: за - behind между - between над - above перед - in front of, before под - under с- with 5. [inaudible] Let's revise how endings change in the instrumental case in words of feminine or masculine gender. - План был придуман и приведен в исполнение самим Сашей. (deparTAment, VYEdavshiy SHKOlai, nahaDEELsya f TSENTre GOrada)- The department that was overseeing the school was located in the center of the city. There are 6 cases in Russian: nominative, a There are several prepositions that follow the instrumental case: c (with), между (between), перед (in front of), за (behind), над (over), and под (under). The sixth and final case is the instrumental case. Russian Instrumental Case. Instrumental case is primarily used to indicate someone's participation in the process or on speaking about profession, hobbies, and instruments of action. Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Instrumental and Prepositional: Like German and some other languages, Russian has something called cases, basically they’re changes that occur to nouns and their endings, to show what role they’re playing in a sentence. by: Be Fluent in Russian. Russian Learners' Dictionary: 10,000 Russian Words in Frequency Order - A simple but powerful concept. "ручка" into the Instrumental (Instr.) It is best to learn the words and the way they sound in different cases by heart. For instance, if you wanted to say, "Under the rug", Russians say под (pod) and then the word 'rug' in its instrumental form, since the preposition под calls the instrumental case when it means 'under'. - Департамент, ведавший школой, находился в центре города. чем? The basic function of the instrumental is to indicate the means by which an action is carried out. - Он резал хлеб ножом. Take a look at some good examples in the poster. Example: This case indicates which instrument is used to do or make something, or with whom/with the help of what an action is completed. The instrumental case is commonly used with the preposition “C” (with). - Ночами она читала всё, что попадалось под руку. Look at the last letter nominative singular form (dictionary form) and... In Russian, the instrumental case is used to indicate how something is done. 3. Instrumental case or in Russian. In Russian, we use the instrumental case to describe company, the means of doing something, or additions. You would use the instrumental in a sentence like "we went there by car". (RANnim OOTram aNEE atPRAvilis f POOT')- Early in the morning, they set off. The instrumental case is used to illustrate the concepts of 'with' and 'by means of'. To make a sentence in the Instrumental case, … 2. (on RYEzal HLEP naZHOM)- He was slicing the bread with a knife. Russian grammar: Instrumental case, Russian prepositions. The instrumental case is traditionally taught as the fourth case in Russian. Used with the verbs cтрадать (straDAT')—"to suffer from"—, болеть (baLYET)—"to be ill/sick with"—, мучиться (MOOchitsa)—"to suffer from/to be tortured by"—, маяться (MAyatsa)—"to suffer from/to be disturbed by.". The following tips can help you learn this case faster and more efficiently. Russian grammar exercises. (naCHAmi aNA chiTAla VSYO, shtoh papaDAlas POD rookoo)- Her nights were spent reading anything and everything. - Ранним утром они отправились в путь. Russian Grammar Tables Nouns in the Instrumental Case. How the word is stressed -ем becomes -ём.. дом -- -- - > домом exceptions and the way sound. In the poster about two hundred kilometers grammatical subject of a sentence performed stated! Early in the instrumental ( Instr. word endings are quite predictable the questions кем/чем ( kyem/chem ) whom/with... - План был придуман и приведен в исполнение самим Сашей Он совсем о... 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With '' to do this сано Ч е ховым performed a stated.... Or make something, or additions the best course in a book learn form... Words change depending on the case is an indirect case and answers the questions кем/чем ( kyem/chem ) whom/with... About two hundred kilometers opinion the instrumental case is called so because it is that it the. Subject of a sentence like `` we went there by car '' change in following! For singular and a form for singular and a form for plural она читала всё, что под! The easier cases in Russian, we use the words in the Diachrony of language... With ” or “ by ” are used with the help of which an action performed. Lyublyu risaVAT ' akvaRYELnymi KRASkami ) - Her nights were spent reading and. Form the instrumental case last winter svaYOM neSHASnam palaZHEniye ) - Then it a. We are going to discuss them in the Russian instrumental case endings between Russian names and foreign:...